This is a natural process that happens whenever waste decays. Methane is the same thing as natural gas, the gas sold by natural gas utilities. Adding a yeast to biomass produces an alcohol called ethanol. This is how wine, beer, and liquor are made. Wine is just fermented grape juice.
Biomass can be converted into gas or liquid fuels by using chemicals or heat. In India, cow manure is converted to methane gas to produce electricity.
Methane gas can also be converted to methanol, a liquid form of methane. We use four types of biomass today: 1 wood and agricultural products; 2 solid waste; 3 landfill gas; and 4 alcohol fuels. Most biomass used today is home grown energy. Wood-logs, chips, bark, and sawdust-accounts for about 79 percent of biomass energy.
But any organic matter can produce. Other biomass sources include agricultural waste products like fruit pits and corn cobs. There is nothing new about people burning trash. What's new is burning trash to generate electricity. This turns waste into a usable form of energy. A ton 2, pounds of garbage contains about as much heat energy, as pounds of coal. Power plants that burn garbage for energy are called waste-to-energy plants. These plants generate electricity much as coal-fired plants do except that garbage-not coal-is the fuel used to fire an industrial boiler.
Making electricity from garbage costs more than making it from coal and other energy sources. The main advantage of burning solid waste is it reduces the amount of garbage dumped in landfills by 60 to 90 percent, and reduces the cost of landfill disposal.
Bacteria and fungi are not picky eaters. They eat dead plants and animals, causing them to rot or decay. Even though this natural process is slowed in the artificial environment of a landfill, a substance called methane gas is still produced as the waste decays. New regulations require landfills to collect methane gas for safety and environmental reasons. Methane gas is colorless and odorless, but it is not harmless. If animals eat these plants, the plants are used by the animals and converted into animal biomass.
If plant material isn't eaten, it is either broken down by micro-organisms or burned. There are a few different categories of biomass, including: [2].
An example of an energy crop is algae. Read more on the biofuel made from algae biomass here. Biomass is an important alternative source of energy because, while burning it does release carbon, the carbon is all recent and so is part of the current carbon cycle. This makes biomass effectively carbon neutral , meaning it doesn't add any carbon to the atmosphere that wasn't already there. Burning fossil fuels releases stored carbon, which is millions of years old, adding it to the current carbon cycle, and increasing the total amount of atmospheric carbon.
Biomass is commonly used as a fuel in underdeveloped countries for cooking and heat , but even in developed countries like Canada, biomass is used to create electricity. There is a distinct difference in the types of biomass used in different areas around the world.
More developed countries use biomass like virgin wood and energy crops for energy, especially for use as biofuels. With a constant supply of waste — from construction and demolition activities, to wood not used in papermaking, to municipal solid waste — green energy production can continue indefinitely. Our facilities collect, process and recycle items for use as fuel, as well as green energy facilities that create power from that waste.
Biomass power is carbon neutral electricity generated from renewable organic waste that would otherwise be dumped in landfills, openly burned, or left as fodder for forest fires. When burned, the energy in biomass is released as heat. If you have a fireplace, you already are participating in the use of biomass as the wood you burn in it is a biomass fuel. In biomass power plants, wood waste or other waste is burned to produce steam that runs a turbine to make electricity, or that provides heat to industries and homes.
Fortunately, new technologies — including pollution controls and combustion engineering — have advanced to the point that any emissions from burning biomass in industrial facilities are generally less than emissions produced when using fossil fuels coal, natural gas, oil. ReEnergy has included these technologies in our facilities. While the process to create electricity is similar whether using a biomass fuel or a fossil fuel, the equipment needed inside the plant is different.
As with any electrical generation process, the facility needs a steady supply of fuel. In all cases, ReEnergy has suppliers to deliver a steady stream of biomass, and has engaged other suppliers to ensure the facilities have what they need.
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