Hypnosis is also being used on an experimental basis to treat burn victims. What leads to the greatest damage and. Research now under way suggests that it may be possible to hold back the body's response to burns through hypnosis and thereby reduce the painful swelling. A It is very effective in the control of pain. Children with leukemia, for example, must undergo a painful procedure to obtain bone-marrow specimens to assess their condition.
With hypnosis you can relieve the anxiety associated with the anticipation of pain and help these children to tolerate this procedure relatively comfortably. Many children can go even deeper into fantasy and actually go on a mental trip in a spaceship, imagining that he or she is flying to the moon with Buck Rogers.
The child becomes so absorbed in the fantasy that he or she is no longer aware of any pain during the bone-marrow aspiration. In the same way, hypnosis can be used in dentistry so that the patient becomes oblivious to a tooth being drilled. A We have had good success in relieving cancer pain through suggestion under hypnosis. Ironically, the fact that we can suggest a pain away doesn't mean that the pain was an imaginary symptom.
Quite the reverse: It is generally more appropriate to suggest away a pain due to clear-cut physical reasons, such as a tumor, than one that has a psychological basis. When the pain is emotionally rooted, simply suggesting away the pain is not generally the treatment of choice -- though hypnosis may be used in the context of the psychotherapeutic or behavioral treatment that is indicated. A Headaches are a very complex issue. Simple headaches are relieved as effectively by placebo -- inert medication -- as they are by aspirin or hypnosis as long as the person believes that the remedy works.
A true migraine is a different story. Placebos and nonprescription painkillers have less effect, but hypnosis is very helpful with some migraines. Here again it's important to make a diagnosis to determine that there aren't underlying causes for these conditions that may need treatment.
Dentistry has had some success in controlling bleeding through hypnosis. In a number of cases, hypnosis has apparently slowed the bleeding of hemophiliacs during dental procedures and decreased the need for many blood transfusions. A We use hypnosis to uncover thoughts and feelings of which an individual may not be aware. This is effective in dynamic psychotherapy and forms the basis for hypnoanalysis.
Hypnosis has achieved good results in patients with a variety of anxiety disorders. It is also effective with many specific phobias: Fear of flying, fear of driving, fear of going out of the house, fear of insects, fear of snakes, fear of dentists, and so on.
Through hypnosis and self-hypnosis, one learns to master these fears. Conditions such as aphonia, which is the inability to talk, blindness due to psychological reasons and posttraumatic stress reactions are other examples of conditions readily treated with hypnosis. A Hypnosis can improve your self-esteem by encouraging you to see yourself as capable and to rehearse certain tasks in your mind with the moral support of the therapist.
What the therapist is doing here is using hypnosis to duplicate a situation where we gained self-confidence as children by mastering certain tasks with the support of our parents. Again, learning to use self-hypnosis and thereby to administer appropriate suggestions to oneself is particularly helpful for many individuals.
Q What about hypnosis to overcome addictions such as smoking, overeating or abuse of alcohol or drugs? A Generally speaking, hypnosis is not very effective in treating disorders of self-control. It won't make you do something that you can do voluntarily if you would put your mind to it -- but that you really don't want to do for a variety of conscious and subconscious reasons.
In getting people to stop smoking, the success rate with hypnosis has not been dramatic. Just because someone id trained in hypnosis does not make them competent to deal with psychological trauma issues without further psychological training.
Likewise, just because someone is trained in psychotherapy it does not make them competent to use hypnosis without advanced training. It is beneficial to both practitioners and therapists to be well versed in the psychodynamics and the hypnotherapeutic implications of what happens between themselves and their clients. Initially, there was formalized training for handling "repressed memories.
The popular self-help book "Courage to Heal" with its infamous quotation of "if you think you were sexual abused, you probably were" set the stage for the condition of sexual abuse denial If a therapist suspected that a client had been abused, it became their challenger to override the "denial" so that the client could heal through confronting the awful truth, and one way to access this "truth" was to induce hypnotic trance. Did these practitioners and therapist know enough about what happens at the different levels of trance, or how confabulation can occur or how a suggestible stat can exist without formal inductions?
Those using hypnosis for "repressed" memory retrievals are criticized for incompetency because they have misused hypnosis to create a greater trauma to prove the existence of "repressed" memories despite the denial of the client. The second controversial aspect of hypnosis is based on using age regression to access "repressed memories.
However, hypnotically working with the memory of the "triggering" event does not require the memory to be authenticated or validated. By disconnecting the emotional attachment to the presented memory most of these conditions are easily resolved. When age regression is used to recover "repressed" memory, the intent has been to move beyond the denial state and recover those memories that will validate the childhood sexual experience.
Current statistical reports verify the extensiveness of contemporary child physical and sexual abuse, but records or corroboration of incidents from 20, 30, and 40 years ago are almost nonexistent. Therefore, the reliance of confrontation and hypnotic age regression became of paramount importance to many therapists wanting to access these "repressed" memories.
Considerable public debate and criticism have been directed at those therapist who diagnosed childhood sexual abuse based on vague symptoms and intuition and who overzealously attempted to validate the "repressed" memories through age regression. What these therapist have failed to comprehend is that the various dynamics of suggestibility, including suggestibility under hypnosis, can potentially stimulated imagination and confabulation into false memories. Further, imagination and confabulation are known to be attributes of the hypnotic process and serve their own purpose when the intent is to make the subconscious mind receptive to beneficial and positive suggestions, or to purposefully create hallucinatory images.
To use hypnosis age regression as a primary source of sexual abuse memory retrieval is legitimately controversial and suspect when the very inherent nature of hypnosis is one of suggestibility. The third controversial aspect is the psychological utilization of hypnosis.
Many successful psychological treatments include a variety of different treatment modalities, and many psychological issues have been benefited from subconscious information generated through hypnosis when judiciously used to restructure conscious beliefs and feelings, including those of "remembered" childhood sexual abuse.
Hypnosis again becomes controversial when it is used to focus on recreating the psychological trauma state. The type of suggestions used depend on the patient and his or her unique challenges. In some ways, hypnosis can be compared to guided meditation or mindfulness; the idea is to set aside normal judgments and sensory reactions, and to enter a deeper state of concentration and receptiveness.
Instead of allowing pain, anxiety or other unhelpful states to run the show, hypnosis helps people to exert more control over their thoughts and perceptions.
How does hypnosis do this? Hypnosis has also been found to quiet parts of the brain involved in sensory processing and emotional response. Not everyone benefits equally from hypnosis. But even people who score low on measures of hypnotic suggestibility can still benefit from it, Kirsch adds. Milling reiterates this point.
He compares practitioners who are trained only in hypnosis to carpenters who only know how to use one tool. Some experts say one shot can be effective. Hypnosis was found to significantly add to the benefits of standard medical care, not outperform it. Suggestions are a tailored invitation to experience imaginary events as if they were real. They are not dependent on the individual and they are not like asking a psychologist what they will say during psychotherapy.
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