It takes several half-lives to fully eliminate a drug. For most people, Xanax will fully clear their body within two to four days. This is why you may be prescribed Xanax up to three times per day.
The half-life of Xanax is higher in elderly people. Studies have found that the average half-life is For obese individuals, it may be more difficult for your body to break down Xanax. The half-life of Xanax in people who are obese is higher than average. It ranged between 9. Studies have found that the half-life of Xanax is increased by 25 percent in Asians compared to Caucasians. A higher basal metabolic rate may decrease the time it takes for Xanax to leave the body.
People who exercise regularly or have faster metabolisms may be able to excrete Xanax faster than people who are sedentary. It takes longer for people with alcoholic liver disease to break down, or metabolize, Xanax. On average, the half-life of Xanax in people with this liver problem is Each tablet of Xanax contains 0. In general, higher doses will take longer for your body to fully metabolize. People who have been taking Xanax on a regular basis will consistently maintain a higher concentration in their bloodstream.
This means that the effects of Xanax will last longer. On the other hand, certain medications help to induce, or speed up the process, of CYP3A. These medications will make your body break down Xanax even faster.
An example is the seizure medication carbamazepine Tegretol and an herbal remedy known as St. Alcohol and Xanax taken in combination have a synergistic effect on one another.
This means that the effects of Xanax are increased if you consume alcohol. It will take longer to clear Xanax from your body. Combining alcohol with Xanax can lead to dangerous side effects , including the possibility of a fatal overdose.
These may include:. Instead, the dosage should be reduced gradually over time to prevent withdrawal. Signs may include swelling of the face, lips, throat, and tongue and difficulty breathing.
Likewise, if you experience signs of withdrawal, you should contact your doctor immediately. Xanax is a potentially habit-forming drug, so some people may develop a dependency or addiction without realizing it. Doctors generally recommend that first-time Xanax users start with the lowest possible dose. High doses can be fatal.
This might include aggression, promiscuity, or theft. Xanax is taken by mouth and absorbed quickly by the bloodstream. Some people may first begin experiencing the effects of Xanax within 5 to 10 minutes of taking the pill. Almost everyone will feel the effects of the drug within an hour. One of the reasons why Xanax is so effective for treating panic is that peak impact from the dose comes quickly. Most people will experience it between one and two hours after taking their dose.
The effects of Xanax are brief. Most people will feel the strongest impacts from the drug for two to four hours. If that happens, you may begin to notice it takes longer for you to feel the sedative effects of the drug, and the feelings may wear off more quickly.
Xanax has a half-life of about 11 hours. By that point, your body will eliminate half of the dose from your bloodstream. Everyone metabolizes medications differently, so the half-life is different from person to person.
As Xanax wears off, most people will stop feeling the calm, relaxed, lethargic sensations that the drug is associated with. If you take this medication to relieve symptoms of anxiety, like a racing heart, those symptoms may begin to return as the drug is eliminated from your system. A comedown is the letdown of high emotions following peak drug effects. This rebound anxiety or depression is usually temporary.
Xanax has high potential to be a habit-forming drug. Symptoms of withdrawal typically begin two to seven days after your last dose. They can last two to eight weeks.
Some withdrawal symptoms can be dangerous. If these adaptations are delayed or require time e. There are many variables that could influence the rate at which Xanax takes effect — or the ability of a person to notice it working. Such influential variables could influence: Xanax dosage; level of tolerance; user genetics; concurrent substance use; and medical diagnoses.
Other variables such as: the way in which Xanax is administered, the specific Xanax format immediate vs. It is understood that larger doses of Xanax reach higher peak plasma concentrations and exert a more pronounced neurophysiologic effect than smaller doses. For this reason, it should be much easier to consciously notice the effect of a large Xanax dose than a smaller one. For example, if you start taking Xanax at a dose of 0. On the other hand, if you initiate Xanax treatment with a larger dose such as 0.
In brief, it should be easier to notice Xanax kicking in after administering a high dose — compared to a low dose. If you have a history of ingesting substances that interact with GABA receptors to facilitate an inhibitory effect, you may have developed cross-tolerance — or resistance to the effects of a substance that acts similarly to Xanax.
Tolerance is caused by compensatory responses throughout the central nervous system such as: increase or decrease in neurochemical receptor counts; shifts in neurotransmitter production; and altered gene expression to counterbalance for the ongoing effect of Xanax. In conclusion, if you have high tolerance to GABAergics like Xanax or Xanax itself relative to the impact of your dose, you might not notice the medication working — even if it has taken effect.
That said, if you have zero tolerance to GABAergic substances, you should have an easier time noticing the effect of Xanax within the first 20 to 60 minutes of ingestion. For example, CYP3A4 inhibitors like Cimetidine, Erythromycin, Itraconazole, and Ketoconazole may increase systemic exposure to Xanax — possibly enhancing its peak effect or duration of effect. Oppositely, CYP3A4 inducers like Carbamezepine, Glucocorticoids, and Phenytoin may reduce systemic exposure to Xanax — possibly minimizing its peak effect or duration of effect.
Interestingly, smoking cigarettes may impact the onset of action associated with Xanax, as well as the significance of its effect. Moreover, concurrently-administered substances could potentially augment OR counteract the neurochemical effects facilitated by Xanax — such that they influence its onset of action and degree of therapeutic efficacy. For example, co-administration of a CNS depressant with Xanax e. For example, co-administration of a psychostimulant with Xanax e.
Research by Fukasawa, Suzuki, and Otani reports that genetically-mediated CYP3A5 enzyme expression could influence the pharmacokinetics of Xanax — or how efficiently it is absorbed, metabolized, and eliminated. In most cases, poor metabolizers will exhibit increased systemic exposure to Xanax and higher plasma concentrations compared to normative metabolizers due to less efficient metabolism, whereas rapid metabolizers will exhibit decreased systemic exposure to Xanax and lower plasma concentrations compared to normative metabolizers due to more efficient metabolism.
Additionally, the amount of time Xanax stays in your system may be slightly influenced by genes implicated in metabolism. In addition, various medical conditions such as alcoholism, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, and obesity — have been shown to alter the pharmacokinetics of Xanax.
Altered pharmacokinetics of Xanax as a result of preexisting medical conditions could influence its onset of action and its therapeutic efficacy. There are a variety of user-specific variables that might impact the rate at which Xanax takes effect. The specific format of Xanax ingested, its mode of administration, and other administration details e. Xanax format IR vs. XR : The format of Xanax that you use could determine the rate at which Xanax begins working.
A study by Sheehan and Sheehan compared the speed of onset of action between each Xanax format IR and XR in outpatients with panic disorder. A report by Susman and Klee noted that extended-release XR Xanax at a dose of 6 mg reached peak plasma concentrations in 4 to 12 hours, whereas immediate-release Xanax administered at a dose of 1. Mode of Xanax administration : The modality of Xanax administration can influence how quickly it takes effect. When used properly in accordance with instruction from a medical doctor, Xanax is generally administered orally.
According to research by Reissig, Harrison, Carter, et al. A study by Smith, Kroboth, Vanderlugt, et al. The onset of effect was significantly quicker with intravenously-administered Xanax IV compared to orally-administered Xanax.
Lastly, research documented that the onset of action associated with sublingual Xanax administration is relatively identical to that of oral administration. Administration details : Specific details associated with the way in which you administer Xanax could influence the rate at which it takes effect. Such details include: whether Xanax is administered with food versus on an empty stomach; the specific foods you eat with or before Xanax if you take it with food ; and the time of day at which you use Xanax.
Research by Erdman, Stypinski, Combs, et al.
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